Understanding Premenstrual Syndromes: PMS and PMDD
What is Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) refers to a variety of physical and psychological symptoms that occur several days to ten days before menstruation starts. Currently, about 30-40% of menstruating women experience symptoms of PMS, including severe cases where daily life becomes difficult. However, many women misunderstand these premenstrual discomforts as inevitable and thus do not receive appropriate treatment.
Main Symptoms of PMS
The symptoms of PMS vary widely in type and severity. The main symptoms include:- Psychological symptoms: depression, anger, irritability, anxiety, confusion
- Physical symptoms: breast pain and swelling, abdominal bloating, joint pain, muscle pain, headaches, weight gain, swelling
Impacts of Premenstrual Syndrome
PMS can lower the quality of daily life. Students may see a decline in grades or an increase in absences. Working women may face a higher risk of mistakes at work, and women with families may experience increased stress in family relationships.
What is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)?
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) refers to particularly severe cases of PMS. About 1.2% of women experience such extreme emotional instability before menstruation that it disrupts their daily lives.
Case Study of PMDD
Mrs. B, a 30-year-old housewife, became extremely unstable emotionally before her period, sometimes exhibiting violent behavior towards her family. Following these continued symptoms, she was diagnosed with PMDD by a specialist.
The discomforts before menstruation, especially Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), can significantly impact women’s daily lives, work, and family relationships. If symptoms are concerning, early consultation and appropriate treatment are necessary.
